Spectral and Up conversion Properties of Ho3+ ions doped Zinc Lithium Lead Soda lime Cadmium Phosphate Glasses

Abstract

Glasses samples containing Ho3+ in zinc lithium lead sodalime cadmium phosphate (35-x)P2O5:10ZnO:10Li2O:10PbO:10CaO:10Na2O:15CdO:xHo2O3. (where x=1, 1.5,2 mol %) have been prepared by melt-quenching method. The amorphous nature of the prepared glass samples was confirmed by X-ray diffraction. Optical absorption, Excitation and fluorescence spectra were recorded at room temperature for all glass samples. Judd-Ofelt intensity parameters ?? (?=2, 4 and 6) are evaluated from the intensities of various absorption bands of optical absorption spectra. Using these intensity parameters various radiative properties like spontaneous emission probability (A), branching ratio (?), radiative life time (?R) and stimulated emission cross–section ( ?p) of various emission lines have been evaluated.

Introduction

I. INTRODUCTION

Rare earth doped glasses have attracted a great deal of attention because of their applications in thermal imaging, fiber amplifiers, laser fusion, optical fibers, photovoltaic solar cells, optical communications, up-conversion lasers and optical data storage [1–5]. Among different glasses, phosphate glasses have unique properties. They have high transparency, high thermal stability, optical stability and low phonon energy .Phosphate glasses possess excellent physicochemical properties, optical properties , lower phonon energy, better color rendering index(CRI), and low melting temperature [6-10].The low nonlinear dispersion of the highly rare earth doped phosphate glasses enables there in high power applications. The low glass melting temperature makes the phosphate glasses suitable candidates for photonic applications. Phosphate glasses also exhibit high rare earth solubility [11,12]. Addition of network modifier (NWF) Li2O to the phosphate glasses improves both electrical and mechanical properties of such glasses [13] ZnO is also added due to its specific chemical and microstructure properties. Addition of PbO to the phosphate glass improves the chemical stability of glass network. Ho3+ ions the most studied among the rare earth ions and the up conversion process of this ion in various kinds of host materials has been investigated [14-18].

The present work reports on the preparation and characterization of rare earth doped heavy metal oxide (HMO) glass systems for lasing materials. I have studied on the Optical absorption, Excitation and fluorescence spectra of Ho3+ doped zinc lithium lead sodalime cadmium phosphate glasses. The intensities of the transitions for the rare earth ions have been estimated successfully using the Judd-Ofelt theory, The laser parameters such as radiative probabilities(A),branching ratio (β), radiative life time(τR) and stimulated emission cross section(σp) are evaluated using J.O.intensity parameters( Ωλ, λ=2,4 and 6).

    II. EXPERIMENTAL TECHNIQUES

A. Preparation of Glasses

The following Ho3+doped phosphate glass samples (35-x)P2O5:10ZnO:10Li2O:10PbO:10CaO:10Na2O:15CdO: x Ho2O3.  (where x=1,1.5 and 2 mol%)  have been prepared by melt-quenching method. Analytical reagent grade chemical used in the present study consist of P2O5, ZnO, Li2O, PbO,CaO,Na2O, CdO and Ho2O3.

They were thoroughly mixed by using an agate pestle mortar. then melted at 10720C by an electrical muffle furnace for 2h., After complete melting, the melts were quickly poured in to a preheated stainless steel mould and annealed at temperature of 2500C for 2h to remove thermal strains and stresses. Every time fine powder of cerium oxide was used for polishing the samples. The glass samples so prepared were of good optical quality and were transparent. The chemical compositions of the glasses with the name of samples are summarized in Table 1.

Conclusion

In the present study, the glass samples of composition (35x)P2O5:10ZnO:10Li2O:10PbO:10CaO:10Na2O:15CdO:xHo2O3. (where x =1, 1.5and 2mol %) have been prepared by melt-quenching method. The value of stimulated emission cross-section (?p) is found to be maximum for the transition (5I7?5I8) for glass ZLLSLCP (HO 01), suggesting that glass ZLLSLCP (HO 01) is better compared to the other two glass systems ZLLSLCP (HO1.5) and ZLLSLCP (HO 02). The large stimulated emission cross section in bismuth borate glasses suggests the possibility of utilizing these systems as laser materials.

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Copyright © 2023 Dr. S. L. Meena. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.